Four Shadow AI Risks Every Organization Should Know

Artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming part of everyday work in many organizations. Employees use it to save time, improve quality, and reduce manual tasks. When AI tools are used without approval or oversight, this creates what’s known as Shadow AI. Shadow AI can introduce risks that affect operations, compliance, security, and even customer relationships.

In this second part of the series, we take a closer look at four of the most important risks that leaders should understand.

1. Exposure of Sensitive Data

Employees often use AI tools to help complete routine tasks. In the process, they may enter:

• Customer information
• Financial data
• Internal documents
• Strategy materials or proposals

When this information is submitted to public AI tools, it may be stored or used to train future models. Once data leaves your environment, there’s no simple way to retrieve or delete it.

A well-known global company experienced this firsthand when employees unintentionally submitted confidential source code to a public AI tool. The business quickly restricted AI use after concerns were raised about how that information could be accessed or reused.

This type of exposure can lead to financial loss, reputational damage, and potential legal consequences.

2. Lack of Compliance Visibility

Organizations are increasingly required to demonstrate how data is used, who has access to it, and where it is processed. When AI tools are used without governance, there is no reliable record of:

• What information is entered into AI systems
• How AI-generated outputs were reviewed
• Which business decisions did AI influence
• What safeguards were in place
• How bias or errors were prevented

If a client, insurance partner, or regulator asks for documentation, teams may not be able to provide accurate answers.

This creates risk for industries that rely heavily on compliance, including finance, healthcare, real estate, legal services, and professional services. Without governance, an audit can quickly become a costly and time-consuming challenge.

3. Errors That Damage Trust

AI tools can produce inaccurate or fabricated information. These mistakes are not always obvious, especially when the output appears well-written or authoritative. When employees use AI without verifying results, it can lead to:

• Incorrect marketing content
• Faulty client reports
• Misleading data summaries
• Poor or risky business decisions

Even a single error can undermine trust with customers or partners. Rebuilding that trust often takes far longer than addressing the initial mistake. For many organizations, credibility is one of their most valuable business assets. Shadow AI puts that at risk.

4. Gaps in Insurance Coverage

Cyber insurance providers are updating their requirements to include AI usage. Many now ask specific questions about how organizations manage AI tools, protect data, and document their processes. Without clear policies and oversight, businesses may face:

• Higher premiums
• Limited coverage
• Potential claim denials after an incident

If an event involves AI and the business cannot demonstrate proper governance, insurers may determine that the organization did not meet minimum risk-management requirements. This can leave companies responsible for costs that could otherwise have been covered.

AI governance is quickly becoming a standard component of risk management and insurance readiness.

Ready to Reduce Shadow AI Risk in Your Organization?

Shadow AI can introduce significant risks, but each can be addressed with appropriate governance, visibility, and training. Understanding the problem is the first step. Taking action is the next.

Continue to the final part of this series to learn how to build AI governance that protects your data, your customers, and your reputation.

If your organization needs support evaluating its AI landscape or developing practical governance frameworks, WSI is here to help. A Quick-Start Guide and AI Risk Assessment will be available soon.